How Gestational Surrogacy Works

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 Surrogacy is often the last resort taken by people who are infertile or having significant trouble getting pregnant. For example, surrogates are often used when there is a problem with the woman. Either she is infertile or cannot carry a baby to term. Sometimes surrogacy is used when a woman has had a hysterectomy. The two types of surrogacy are called traditional surrogacy and gestational surrogacy. In traditional surrogacy, which often the most common type of surrogacy, occurs when a surrogate is artificially inseminated or receives in-vitro fertilization (IVF), which is less common. The sperm in this case is from the father, and the surrogate provides the egg. The drawback in this case is that the genetic material only comes from one parent, but in some cases, it is impossible for the mother to contribute.

With gestational surrogacy, the surrogate receives a fertilized egg from the mother and father via IVF. This type of surrogacy has to be done with IVF because the mother has to contribute the egg. This often occurs when a woman will jeopardize her health with a pregnancy, when a woman cannot carry a baby to term, or when a woman still has ovaries but does not have a uterus. While the concept is fairly simple, the process can take quite a long time.

First, the woman will take certain fertility drugs before beginning one of her periods. These drugs will help the woman produce multiple eggs. Normally a woman would only release one egg every cycle. Sometimes other drugs will be used to ensure that the woman does not release these multiple eggs too early. During this time, she will be monitored by a doctor who will use ultrasound to determine when the eggs are ready to be harvested. Once the eggs are ready the doctor will use ultrasound and a special needle to harvest the eggs.

The eggs will then be combined with the sperm in a laboratory. The embryo is allowed to develop for a few days, and then it is inserted into the surrogate. The doctor uses a specialized catheter that is inserted into the cervix. Generally, any woman who does IVF will receive two or more embryos at a time. As a result, some women will give birth to multiples. A few weeks after the IVF treatment, a woman can use a pregnancy test to determine whether the embryos implanted. Many doctors will freeze eggs and sperm from the parents so that embryos can be implanted more than once.

Once the surrogate is pregnant, the parents will have to wait until the baby is born. People can find surrogates by using an agency that contacts women willing to be a surrogate. A surrogate will be screened for any diseases or issues that could affect the baby. The surrogate will also need hormone therapy in many cases before having the embryos implanted. The gestational surrogacy process is very expensive, and each state has different legal obligations that go along with surrogacy. Still, it is an option for people who feel like they are out of options.